The ryanodine receptors (RyR) are located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Generally contraction of skeletal muscle is caused by the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) after the depolarization of transverse tubules. This ryanodine acts as a junctional gap between the SR and the transverse tubule and it acts as a key for calcium release channel during the process of excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. In general, Ca2+ influx or depolarization will activate the RyR channels, but the specific mechanisms involved in deactivation or turn off the RyR channels unclear. They are three distinct subtypes of the ryanodine receptor in mammalian tissues, namely skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and in brain. A novelty has been explained stating that nicotine acts on ryandine receptors but not on nicotinic receptors. Here in this paper a general overview on ryanodine receptors is explained.
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